incomes should follow their improving health status. A second major focus, discussed at length in this issue of the Bulletin, is health inequities and inequalities. In simple terms, an inequity is an unfair and remediable inequality. Inequities and inequalities refer to relative health status between rich and poor, men and women, ethnic groups, regions or simply between the most healthy and the least healthy. They measure not how well the disadvantaged group is doing in absolute terms, but how well it is doing relative to the advantaged group. Thus, decreases in inequality could be bad news they could signal that previous improvements in the health of the advantaged group have slowed down, stopped, or even reversed. For policy-makers, tracking inequalities in health must therefore be accompanied by measurements of the levels and trends in absolute health status of the groups of interest. This is